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Gaskets for the engine: the purpose, types and features of automotive gaskets
As is known, the entire car as a whole and the automobile engine itself is a combination of many metal, plastic, rubber and other parts. As for the internal combustion engine , in addition to elements made of metal and various alloys, various sealing elements and gaskets are actively used in the structure of the power plant.
At the same time, not all car owners fully understand what engine gaskets are needed for, as well as which automobile gaskets are and how such elements change. In this article we intend to consider these issues in more detail.
Gaskets on the engine: the main functions
As in any other case, the main task of the gasket is to ensure the tightness of a node, device or mechanism. The internal combustion engine is no exception.
Inside this complex mechanism, technical liquids constantly circulate during operation. Moreover, these fluids are under certain pressure. In order for the pressure to be maintained at the required level, as well as for no leakage of liquids from the housing, tightness is necessary.
As you can see, the head gasket sealer prevent various leaks of working fluids and lubricants from the mechanisms, as well as prevent the ingress of dust, moisture and dirt from the outside. The use of gaskets allows you to achieve perfect and tight fit of the two surfaces, leveling certain errors of their processing.
The gasket is able to repeat the shape of the parts, while due to the softness and elasticity, it is possible to smooth out irregularities, roughness and other minor defects. It turns out, the solution seals the case, seals the internal components of the motor, prevents leakage of technical fluids.
Types of car engine gaskets
As already mentioned, the shape of the gasket, as well as the material of manufacture, directly depend on the environment in which this element will have to be and what function it will perform.
Some gaskets are needed to keep the technical fluids inside the case (for example, engine oil, cooling system fluid).
Others are necessary for maximum compaction of areas where parts come into contact. Such gaskets additionally experience serious stress from internal pressure and are under high temperature conditions.
Visually, this type of gasket is a cylinder head gasket , which is conditionally even a part of the combustion chamber, it also has channels for the movement of coolant and lubricant .
Another type of gasket, which is better known among drivers and mechanics under the name of the gland, are seals, which are installed at the points of contact of moving parts with fixed elements.
This means that gaskets are not interchangeable on different engines, that is, you need to purchase for repair only those elements that are suitable for a specific model of a particular power unit. Let's look at different types of automotive gaskets for the engine in more detail.
Cylinder head gasket
This part is installed in the place where the cylinder block and the cylinder head are connected . This gasket is in harsh conditions, as in the place of its installation pass the channels of the liquid cooling system , engine lubrication system . It also acts as a seal of the combustion chamber, holding high pressure and experiencing significant heat.
Today it is customary to divide such gaskets, taking into account the material of their manufacture, into two types. Head gaskets are
metal;
non-metallic;
As for the metal cylinder head gaskets, this type of product is most common. Multi-layer gasket, made of thin sheet steel, copper alloys, etc. Those areas that compact adjacent surfaces are usually additionally covered with special compounds that resemble thick rubber. This provides maximum compaction.
Finder furious!
Mac OS X is generally difficult to call an adequate system, but there is one thing that annoys it most. And all these people, who all say to everyone, that they, of course, have not in vain overpaid a lot of money for their MacBook, for some reason do not notice, both the small system jambs and obvious fakaps, at the head of which Finder, who is disgustingly lybaetsya in your face from the screen of your MacBook, forever stuck to the most important place in the dock.
In general, the whole problem is that the Finder is always nailed to the left edge of the dock (or to the top, depending on the position of the Dock). Trifle, of course, but why is he there? And why can I not only remove it from the dock, but even move it to another place. For those who do not know: seriously, the file manager on the Mac cannot be moved from the main place in the Dock. When a friend of yours shows you what a wonderful Mac he is, be sure to ask him, as if by chance, how to move the Finder to another place on his best Mac in the world. In fact, this can be done by resorting to standard Apple recipes: this is when you need to enter a command in the console, fix some system file, restart the computer, etc. in order to shift the icon, remove the extra animation or just close an unnecessary program.
But back to Doc. There is such an icon in the dock - Launchpad. She opens the list of applications. And we all know that applications are something that makes the operating system an operating system. So, Launchpad in dock is located on the second place - right after the unmovable Finder. And you know what? Launchpad can be moved somewhere else or completely removed from Doc. That is, Apple believes that files are such an important part of the system that they cannot be shifted anywhere, but applications are something optional, and there is nothing to worry about removing them from sight at all. This logic becomes even stranger if we remember that in their own iOS file manager is completely absent.
Well, let's say that the main thing in the OS is the file manager. But the Finder is not even a good file manager: you’ll have to set it up 50 times in the view settings, that you want to see all folders in the list with large icons before this thing understands that you really want to make this view the default. I don’t know if this is a bug or a feature, but I even remembered the hotkey for the view settings so that each time a new folder opens with a grid view or a list with small icons, set the view with a list with large icons and click on the button that should make this view standard. In the Finder, you can customize the toolbar and TouchBar, placing the buttons in the desired order, but of the proposed buttons there is no “one level up” button - you will have to use a hotkey to do this. Finder’s flaws can be long listed But that's not the point. The bottom line is that if you set yourself a normal file manager, you can not put it in place of the Finder. Yes, yes, there will be two file managers in your dock: the good one and the Finder, but the Finder will be on the trump card.
Think that's all? - Not. In the dock next to each assigned application, when opening an application, a small dot is put, which says that the application is running in the background or at least one of its windows is open. So, Finder has this point always. Like, Finder always works and cannot be closed, he's so special! Why? Yes, suppose that it really always works - the desktop and all that, but after all, Calendar, Safari and other programs also always work, but for some reason they have enough sense to do everything smartly, so why does Finder always display this point? Of course, the Finder is also displayed in the window switch menu (command + tab). Is always. If you have two applications open, there will be three icons in the open application carousel. Here is the convenience.
In general, if you are a perfectionist, it is simply contraindicated for you to use a Mac, since besides the small shoals, which are not always visible, such a hefty joint will continuously smile at you from your Doc. And do not believe people who say, they say, Windows is buggy, Linux is complex, but Mac OS is just the ideal of design and functionality. The axis, of course, is good, there are a few chips in it that are very pleasing, but there is plenty of such shit too. Thanks for attention.